Azure Blob Storage

Store your observability data in Azure Blob Storage

status: beta delivery: at-least-once acknowledgements: yes egress: batch state: stateless
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Configuration

Example configurations 

{
  "sinks": {
    "my_sink_id": {
      "type": "azure_blob",
      "inputs": [
        "my-source-or-transform-id"
      ],
      "connection_string": "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=mylogstorage;AccountKey=storageaccountkeybase64encoded;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net",
      "storage_account": "mylogstorage",
      "container_name": "my-logs",
      "blob_prefix": "blob/%F/",
      "acknowledgements": null,
      "batch": null,
      "compression": "gzip",
      "encoding": {
        "codec": "json"
      },
      "healthcheck": null
    }
  }
}
[sinks.my_sink_id]
type = "azure_blob"
inputs = [ "my-source-or-transform-id" ]
connection_string = "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=mylogstorage;AccountKey=storageaccountkeybase64encoded;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net"
storage_account = "mylogstorage"
container_name = "my-logs"
blob_prefix = "blob/%F/"
compression = "gzip"

  [sinks.my_sink_id.encoding]
  codec = "json"

---
sinks:
  my_sink_id:
    type: azure_blob
    inputs:
      - my-source-or-transform-id
    connection_string: DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=mylogstorage;AccountKey=storageaccountkeybase64encoded;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net
    storage_account: mylogstorage
    container_name: my-logs
    blob_prefix: blob/%F/
    acknowledgements: null
    batch: null
    compression: gzip
    encoding:
      codec: json
    healthcheck: null

{
  "sinks": {
    "my_sink_id": {
      "type": "azure_blob",
      "inputs": [
        "my-source-or-transform-id"
      ],
      "connection_string": "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=mylogstorage;AccountKey=storageaccountkeybase64encoded;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net",
      "storage_account": "mylogstorage",
      "container_name": "my-logs",
      "blob_prefix": "blob/%F/",
      "blob_append_uuid": true,
      "buffer": null,
      "acknowledgements": null,
      "batch": null,
      "compression": "gzip",
      "encoding": {
        "codec": "json"
      },
      "healthcheck": null,
      "request": null,
      "framing": null,
      "blob_time_format": "%s"
    }
  }
}
[sinks.my_sink_id]
type = "azure_blob"
inputs = [ "my-source-or-transform-id" ]
connection_string = "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=mylogstorage;AccountKey=storageaccountkeybase64encoded;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net"
storage_account = "mylogstorage"
container_name = "my-logs"
blob_prefix = "blob/%F/"
blob_append_uuid = true
compression = "gzip"
blob_time_format = "%s"

  [sinks.my_sink_id.encoding]
  codec = "json"

---
sinks:
  my_sink_id:
    type: azure_blob
    inputs:
      - my-source-or-transform-id
    connection_string: DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=mylogstorage;AccountKey=storageaccountkeybase64encoded;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net
    storage_account: mylogstorage
    container_name: my-logs
    blob_prefix: blob/%F/
    blob_append_uuid: true
    buffer: null
    acknowledgements: null
    batch: null
    compression: gzip
    encoding:
      codec: json
    healthcheck: null
    request: null
    framing: null
    blob_time_format: "%s"

acknowledgements

common optional object
Controls how acknowledgements are handled by this sink. When enabled, all connected sources that support end-to-end acknowledgements will wait for the destination of this sink to acknowledge receipt of events before providing acknowledgement to the sending source. These settings override the global acknowledgement settings.

acknowledgements.enabled

common optional bool
Controls if all connected sources will wait for this sink to deliver the events before acknowledging receipt.
default: false

batch

common optional object
Configures the sink batching behavior.

batch.max_bytes

common optional uint
The maximum size of a batch, in bytes, before it is flushed.

batch.max_events

common optional uint
The maximum size of a batch, in events, before it is flushed.

batch.timeout_secs

common optional float
The maximum age of a batch before it is flushed.
default: 300 (seconds)

blob_append_uuid

optional bool
Whether or not to append a UUID v4 token to the end of the file. This ensures there are no name collisions high volume use cases.
default: true

blob_prefix

common optional string template
A prefix to apply to all object key names. This should be used to partition your objects, and it’s important to end this value with a / if you want this to be the root azure storage “folder”.
Note: This parameter supports Vector's template syntax, which enables you to use dynamic per-event values.
Examples 
"date/%F/"
"date/%F/hour/%H/"
"year=%Y/month=%m/day=%d/"
"kubernetes/{{ metadata.cluster }}/{{ metadata.application_name }}/"
default: blob/%F/

blob_time_format

optional string strftime
The format of the resulting object file name. strftime specifiers are supported.
default: %s

buffer

optional object
Configures the sink specific buffer behavior.

buffer.max_events

common optional uint
The maximum number of events allowed in the buffer.
Relevant when: type = "memory"
default: 500 (events)

buffer.max_size

required uint
The maximum size of the buffer on the disk. Must be at least ~256 megabytes (268435488 bytes).
Relevant when: type = "disk"
Examples 
104900000

buffer.type

common optional string literal enum
The buffer’s type and storage mechanism.
Enum options
OptionDescription
diskStores the sink’s buffer on disk. This is less performant, but durable. Data will not be lost between restarts. Will also hold data in memory to enhance performance. WARNING: This may stall the sink if disk performance isn’t on par with the throughput. For comparison, AWS gp2 volumes are usually too slow for common cases.
memoryStores the sink’s buffer in memory. This is more performant, but less durable. Data will be lost if Vector is restarted forcefully.
default: memory

buffer.when_full

optional string literal enum
The behavior when the buffer becomes full.
Enum options
OptionDescription
blockApplies back pressure when the buffer is full. This prevents data loss, but will cause data to pile up on the edge.
drop_newestDrops new data as it’s received. This data is lost. This should be used when performance is the highest priority.
default: block

compression

common optional string literal enum

The compression strategy used to compress the encoded event data before transmission.

Some cloud storage API clients and browsers will handle decompression transparently, so files may not always appear to be compressed depending how they are accessed.

Enum options string literal
OptionDescription
gzipGzip standard DEFLATE compression.
noneNo compression.
default: gzip

connection_string

common optional string literal
The Azure Blob Storage Account connection string. Only authentication with access key supported. This or storage_account has to be provided.
Examples 
"DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=mylogstorage;AccountKey=storageaccountkeybase64encoded;EndpointSuffix=core.windows.net"

container_name

required string literal
The Azure Blob Storage Account container name.
Examples 
"my-logs"

encoding

required object
Configures the encoding specific sink behavior.

encoding.codec

required string literal enum
The encoding codec used to serialize the events before outputting.
Enum options
OptionDescription
jsonJSON encoded event.
textThe message field from the event.
Examples 
"json"
"text"

encoding.except_fields

optional [string]
Prevent the sink from encoding the specified fields.

encoding.only_fields

optional [string]
Makes the sink encode only the specified fields.

encoding.timestamp_format

optional string literal enum
How to format event timestamps.
Enum options
OptionDescription
rfc3339Formats as a RFC3339 string
unixFormats as a unix timestamp
default: rfc3339

framing

optional object
Configures in which way events encoded as byte frames should be separated in a payload.

framing.character_delimited

required object
Options for character_delimited framing.
Relevant when: method = `character_delimited`
framing.character_delimited.delimiter
required ascii_char
The character used to separate frames.
Examples 
"\n"
"\t"

framing.method

common optional string literal enum
The framing method.
Enum options
OptionDescription
bytesByte frames are concatenated.
character_delimitedByte frames are delimited by a chosen character.
length_delimitedByte frames are prefixed by an unsigned big-endian 32-bit integer indicating the length.
newline_delimitedByte frames are delimited by a newline character.
default: A suitable default is chosen depending on the sink type and the selected codec.

healthcheck

common optional object
Health check options for the sink.

healthcheck.enabled

common optional bool
Enables/disables the healthcheck upon Vector boot.
default: true

inputs

required [string]

A list of upstream source or transform IDs. Wildcards (*) are supported.

See configuration for more info.

Array string literal
Examples 
[
  "my-source-or-transform-id",
  "prefix-*"
]

request

optional object
Configures the sink request behavior.

request.adaptive_concurrency

optional object
Configure the adaptive concurrency algorithms. These values have been tuned by optimizing simulated results. In general you should not need to adjust these.
request.adaptive_concurrency.decrease_ratio
optional float
The fraction of the current value to set the new concurrency limit when decreasing the limit. Valid values are greater than 0 and less than 1. Smaller values cause the algorithm to scale back rapidly when latency increases. Note that the new limit is rounded down after applying this ratio.
default: 0.9
request.adaptive_concurrency.ewma_alpha
optional float
The adaptive concurrency algorithm uses an exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) of past RTT measurements as a reference to compare with the current RTT. This value controls how heavily new measurements are weighted compared to older ones. Valid values are greater than 0 and less than 1. Smaller values cause this reference to adjust more slowly, which may be useful if a service has unusually high response variability.
default: 0.7
request.adaptive_concurrency.rtt_deviation_scale
optional float
When calculating the past RTT average, we also compute a secondary “deviation” value that indicates how variable those values are. We use that deviation when comparing the past RTT average to the current measurements, so we can ignore increases in RTT that are within an expected range. This factor is used to scale up the deviation to an appropriate range. Valid values are greater than or equal to 0, and we expect reasonable values to range from 1.0 to 3.0. Larger values cause the algorithm to ignore larger increases in the RTT.
default: 2

request.concurrency

common optional uint
The maximum number of in-flight requests allowed at any given time, or “adaptive” to allow Vector to automatically set the limit based on current network and service conditions.

request.rate_limit_duration_secs

common optional uint
The time window, in seconds, used for the rate_limit_num option.
default: 1 (seconds)

request.rate_limit_num

common optional uint
The maximum number of requests allowed within the rate_limit_duration_secs time window.
default: 250

request.retry_attempts

optional uint
The maximum number of retries to make for failed requests. The default, for all intents and purposes, represents an infinite number of retries.
default: 1.8446744073709552e+19

request.retry_initial_backoff_secs

optional uint
The amount of time to wait before attempting the first retry for a failed request. Once, the first retry has failed the fibonacci sequence will be used to select future backoffs.
default: 1 (seconds)

request.retry_max_duration_secs

optional uint
The maximum amount of time, in seconds, to wait between retries.
default: 3600 (seconds)

request.timeout_secs

common optional uint
The maximum time a request can take before being aborted. It is highly recommended that you do not lower this value below the service’s internal timeout, as this could create orphaned requests, pile on retries, and result in duplicate data downstream.
default: 60 (seconds)

storage_account

common optional string literal
The Azure Blob Storage Account name. Credentials are read in this order: EnvironmentCredential, ManagedIdentityCredential, AzureCliCredential. This or connection_string has to be provided.
Examples 
"mylogstorage"

Telemetry

Metrics

link

buffer_byte_size

gauge
The number of bytes current in the buffer.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

buffer_discarded_events_total

counter
The number of events dropped by this non-blocking buffer.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

buffer_events

gauge
The number of events currently in the buffer.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

buffer_received_event_bytes_total

counter
The number of bytes received by this buffer.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

buffer_received_events_total

counter
The number of events received by this buffer.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

buffer_sent_event_bytes_total

counter
The number of bytes sent by this buffer.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

buffer_sent_events_total

counter
The number of events sent by this buffer.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

component_received_event_bytes_total

counter
The number of event bytes accepted by this component either from tagged origins like file and uri, or cumulatively from other origins.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
container_name optional
The name of the container from which the data originated.
file optional
The file from which the data originated.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
mode optional
The connection mode used by the component.
peer_addr optional
The IP from which the data originated.
peer_path optional
The pathname from which the data originated.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.
pod_name optional
The name of the pod from which the data originated.
uri optional
The sanitized URI from which the data originated.

component_received_events_count

histogram

A histogram of the number of events passed in each internal batch in Vector’s internal topology.

Note that this is separate than sink-level batching. It is mostly useful for low level debugging performance issues in Vector due to small internal batches.

component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
container_name optional
The name of the container from which the data originated.
file optional
The file from which the data originated.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
mode optional
The connection mode used by the component.
peer_addr optional
The IP from which the data originated.
peer_path optional
The pathname from which the data originated.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.
pod_name optional
The name of the pod from which the data originated.
uri optional
The sanitized URI from which the data originated.

component_received_events_total

counter
The number of events accepted by this component either from tagged origins like file and uri, or cumulatively from other origins.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
container_name optional
The name of the container from which the data originated.
file optional
The file from which the data originated.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
mode optional
The connection mode used by the component.
peer_addr optional
The IP from which the data originated.
peer_path optional
The pathname from which the data originated.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.
pod_name optional
The name of the pod from which the data originated.
uri optional
The sanitized URI from which the data originated.

component_sent_event_bytes_total

counter
The total number of event bytes emitted by this component.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
output optional
The specific output of the component.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

component_sent_events_total

counter
The total number of events emitted by this component.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
output optional
The specific output of the component.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

events_discarded_total

counter
The total number of events discarded by this component.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.
reason required
The type of the error

events_in_total

counter
The number of events accepted by this component either from tagged origins like file and uri, or cumulatively from other origins. This metric is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. Use component_received_events_total instead.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
container_name optional
The name of the container from which the data originated.
file optional
The file from which the data originated.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
mode optional
The connection mode used by the component.
peer_addr optional
The IP from which the data originated.
peer_path optional
The pathname from which the data originated.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.
pod_name optional
The name of the pod from which the data originated.
uri optional
The sanitized URI from which the data originated.

http_error_response_total

counter
The total number of HTTP error responses for this component.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

http_request_errors_total

counter
The total number of HTTP request errors for this component.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

processed_bytes_total

counter
The number of bytes processed by the component.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
container_name optional
The name of the container from which the bytes originate.
file optional
The file from which the bytes originate.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
mode optional
The connection mode used by the component.
peer_addr optional
The IP from which the bytes originate.
peer_path optional
The pathname from which the bytes originate.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.
pod_name optional
The name of the pod from which the bytes originate.
uri optional
The sanitized URI from which the bytes originate.

processing_errors_total

counter
The total number of processing errors encountered by this component. This metric is deprecated in favor of component_errors_total.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
error_type required
The type of the error
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

utilization

gauge
A ratio from 0 to 1 of the load on a component. A value of 0 would indicate a completely idle component that is simply waiting for input. A value of 1 would indicate a that is never idle. This value is updated every 5 seconds.
component_id required
The Vector component ID.
component_kind required
The Vector component kind.
component_name required
Deprecated, use component_id instead. The value is the same as component_id.
component_type required
The Vector component type.
host optional
The hostname of the system Vector is running on.
pid optional
The process ID of the Vector instance.

How it works

Buffers and batches

This component buffers & batches data as shown in the diagram above. You’ll notice that Vector treats these concepts differently, instead of treating them as global concepts, Vector treats them as sink specific concepts. This isolates sinks, ensuring services disruptions are contained and delivery guarantees are honored.

Batches are flushed when 1 of 2 conditions are met:

  1. The batch age meets or exceeds the configured timeout_secs.
  2. The batch size meets or exceeds the configured max_bytes or max_events.

Buffers are controlled via the buffer.* options.

Health checks

Health checks ensure that the downstream service is accessible and ready to accept data. This check is performed upon sink initialization. If the health check fails an error will be logged and Vector will proceed to start.

Require health checks

If you’d like to exit immediately upon a health check failure, you can pass the --require-healthy flag:

vector --config /etc/vector/vector.toml --require-healthy

Disable health checks

If you’d like to disable health checks for this sink you can set the healthcheck option to false.

Object naming

By default, Vector names your blobs different based on whether or not the blobs are compressed.

Here is the format without compression:

<key_prefix><timestamp>-<uuidv4>.log

Here’s an example blob name without compression:

blob/2021-06-23/1560886634-fddd7a0e-fad9-4f7e-9bce-00ae5debc563.log

And here is the format with compression:

<key_prefix><timestamp>-<uuidv4>.log.gz

An example blob name with compression:

blob/2021-06-23/1560886634-fddd7a0e-fad9-4f7e-9bce-00ae5debc563.log.gz

Vector appends a UUIDV4 token to ensure there are no name conflicts in the unlikely event that two Vector instances are writing data at the same time.

You can control the resulting name via the blob_prefix, blob_time_format, and blob_append_uuid options.

Partitioning

Vector supports dynamic configuration values through a simple template syntax. If an option supports templating, it will be noted with a badge and you can use event fields to create dynamic values. For example:

[sinks.my-sink]
dynamic_option = "application={{ application_id }}"

In the above example, the application_id for each event will be used to partition outgoing data.

Rate limits & adaptive concurrency

Adaptive Request Concurrency (ARC)

Adaptive Request Concurrency is a feature of Vector that does away with static concurrency limits and automatically optimizes HTTP concurrency based on downstream service responses. The underlying mechanism is a feedback loop inspired by TCP congestion control algorithms. Checkout the announcement blog post,

We highly recommend enabling this feature as it improves performance and reliability of Vector and the systems it communicates with. As such, we have made it the default, and no further configuration is required.

Static concurrency

If Adaptive Request Concurrency is not for you, you can manually set static concurrency limits by specifying an integer for request.concurrency:

[sinks.my-sink]
  request.concurrency = 10

Rate limits

In addition to limiting request concurrency, you can also limit the overall request throughput via the request.rate_limit_duration_secs and request.rate_limit_num options.

[sinks.my-sink]
  request.rate_limit_duration_secs = 1
  request.rate_limit_num = 10

These will apply to both adaptive and fixed request.concurrency values.

Retry policy

Vector will retry failed requests (status == 429, >= 500, and != 501). Other responses will not be retried. You can control the number of retry attempts and backoff rate with the request.retry_attempts and request.retry_backoff_secs options.

State

This component is stateless, meaning its behavior is consistent across each input.
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